3. Foundational Components

• 3.1. U-Boot
  • 3.1.1. Build Guide
    • 3.1.1.1. Setup
      • 3.1.1.1.1. Install host dependencies
      • 3.1.1.1.2. Getting the Source Code
      • 3.1.1.1.3. Setup Cross Compile Environment
    • 3.1.1.2. Build
      • 3.1.1.2.1. Build U-Boot
    • 3.1.1.3. Target Images
      • 3.1.1.3.1. Images
      • 3.1.1.3.2. Image Formats
    • 3.1.1.4. Boot Flow
    • 3.1.1.5. Environment
      • 3.1.1.5.1. U-Boot Environment
    • 3.1.1.6. RAM and Device Trees
      • 3.1.1.6.1. Available RAM for image download
      • 3.1.1.6.2. Device Trees
      • 3.1.1.6.3. SRAM memory Layout during initial bootloader stage
  • 3.1.2. User’s Guide
    • 3.1.2.1. USB Device Firmware Upgrade (DFU)
      • 3.1.2.1.1. USB Peripheral boot mode (SPL-DFU support)
    • 3.1.2.2. SD, eMMC and USB
      • 3.1.2.2.1. Overview
      • 3.1.2.2.2. MMC
        • 3.1.2.2.2.1. Listing MMC devices
        • 3.1.2.2.2.2. MMC HW partitions
        • 3.1.2.2.2.3. Selecting MMC device and partitions
        • 3.1.2.2.2.4. View MMC partition contents
        • 3.1.2.2.2.5. MMC supported boot modes
        • 3.1.2.2.2.6. Flashing an MMC device using USB-DFU
        • 3.1.2.2.2.7. Flashing an SD card from a host PC
      • 3.1.2.2.3. USB
        • 3.1.2.2.3.1. Configuring USB in Host Mode
        • 3.1.2.2.3.2. Flash and boot SPL from USB storage
        • 3.1.2.2.3.3. Boot Linux from USB storage
        • 3.1.2.2.3.4. MMC support in u-boot
        • 3.1.2.2.3.5. Steps for working around SD card issues in u-boot
    • 3.1.2.3. USB Mass Storage
      • 3.1.2.3.1. Configuration requirements
      • 3.1.2.3.2. Usage
    • 3.1.2.4. OSPI/QSPI NOR/NAND
    • 3.1.2.5. UART
      • 3.1.2.5.1. Booting U-Boot from the console UART
    • 3.1.2.6. RemoteProc
      • 3.1.2.6.1. Initialization
      • 3.1.2.6.2. Loading
      • 3.1.2.6.3. Starting
      • 3.1.2.6.4. Stop
      • 3.1.2.6.5. Lockstep and Split mode
      • 3.1.2.6.6. HS Devices
    • 3.1.2.7. U-Boot Falcon Mode
      • 3.1.2.7.1. Extra Configuration
        • 3.1.2.7.1.1. OSPI boot:
        • 3.1.2.7.1.2. eMMC Boot:
      • 3.1.2.7.2. Boot time comparisons:
  • 3.1.3. Troubleshooting
    • 3.1.3.1. Debugging U-Boot and SPL
      • 3.1.3.1.1. Debug Example
        • 3.1.3.1.1.1. Setup
        • 3.1.3.1.1.2. Using OpenOCD & GDB
        • 3.1.3.1.1.3. Using CCS
• 3.2. Kernel
  • 3.2.1. Users Guide
    • 3.2.1.1. Overview
    • 3.2.1.2. Getting the Kernel Source Code
    • 3.2.1.3. Preparing to Build
      • 3.2.1.3.1. Setup Cross Compile Environment
      • 3.2.1.3.2. Cleaning the Kernel Sources
    • 3.2.1.4. Configuring the Kernel
      • 3.2.1.4.1. Using Default Configurations
      • 3.2.1.4.2. Customizing the Configuration
    • 3.2.1.5. Compiling the Sources
      • 3.2.1.5.1. Compiling the Kernel
      • 3.2.1.5.2. Compiling the Device Tree Binaries
      • 3.2.1.5.3. Compiling the Kernel Modules
    • 3.2.1.6. FIT Image
    • 3.2.1.7. Installing the Kernel
      • 3.2.1.7.1. Installing the Kernel Image and Device Tree Binaries
      • 3.2.1.7.2. Installing the Kernel Modules
  • 3.2.2. Kernel Drivers
    • 3.2.2.1. Audio
      • 3.2.2.1.1. Introduction
      • 3.2.2.1.2. Software Architecture
      • 3.2.2.1.3. McASP Configuration
        • 3.2.2.1.3.1. Device Tree Properties
        • 3.2.2.1.3.2. Capabilities Overview
        • 3.2.2.1.3.3. Configuration Scenarios
        • 3.2.2.1.3.4. Configuration Guidelines
        • 3.2.2.1.3.5. Codec Integration
        • 3.2.2.1.3.6. Runtime Behavior
      • 3.2.2.1.4. Generic commands and instructions
      • 3.2.2.1.5. Board-specific instructions
      • 3.2.2.1.6. Potential issues
      • 3.2.2.1.7. Additional Information
    • 3.2.2.2. Crypto
      • 3.2.2.2.1. Introduction
      • 3.2.2.2.2. Building the Drivers
      • 3.2.2.2.3. Using Cryptographic Hardware Accelerators from OpenSSL
      • 3.2.2.2.4. Using the TRNG Hardware Accelerator
      • 3.2.2.2.5. Hardware Accelerator testing
        • 3.2.2.2.5.1. Testing using the tcrypt module
        • 3.2.2.2.5.2. IPSec Testing
    • 3.2.2.3. MCRC64
    • 3.2.2.4. EQEP
    • 3.2.2.5. GPIO
    • 3.2.2.6. I2C
    • 3.2.2.7. CPSW Ethernet
      • 3.2.2.7.1. Introduction
      • 3.2.2.7.2. Instances of the CPSW Subsystem
      • 3.2.2.7.3. TSN Documentation and Testing
      • 3.2.2.7.4. XDP and zero copy
    • 3.2.2.8. PWM
    • 3.2.2.9. OSPI/QSPI NOR/NAND
    • 3.2.2.10. SPI
    • 3.2.2.11. MMCSD
      • 3.2.2.11.1. Introduction
      • 3.2.2.11.2. References
      • 3.2.2.11.3. Features
      • 3.2.2.11.4. Supported ultra high speed (UHS) modes
      • 3.2.2.11.5. Driver configuration
      • 3.2.2.11.6. MMC support in Linux
      • 3.2.2.11.7. Steps for working around SD card issues in Linux
      • 3.2.2.11.8. Listing MMC devices from Linux
      • 3.2.2.11.9. Create partitions in eMMC UDA
        • 3.2.2.11.9.1. Create “boot” partition
        • 3.2.2.11.9.2. Create “root” partition
      • 3.2.2.11.10. Formatting eMMC partitions from Linux
        • 3.2.2.11.10.1. Format to vfat
        • 3.2.2.11.10.2. Format to ext4
      • 3.2.2.11.11. Flash eMMC for MMCSD boot
        • 3.2.2.11.11.1. Flash to eMMC “boot” partition
        • 3.2.2.11.11.2. Flash to eMMC “root” partition
    • 3.2.2.12. DM TIMER
      • 3.2.2.12.1. Driver Sources
      • 3.2.2.12.2. Kernel Configuration
      • 3.2.2.12.3. Driver Usage
      • 3.2.2.12.4. Examples
    • 3.2.2.13. UART
      • 3.2.2.13.1. Introduction
      • 3.2.2.13.2. Driver Features
      • 3.2.2.13.3. Basic External loopback testing
    • 3.2.2.14. UBIFS
    • 3.2.2.15. Voltage & Thermal Management (VTM)
      • 3.2.2.15.1. Introduction
      • 3.2.2.15.2. Driver Features
      • 3.2.2.15.3. Finding More Information
    • 3.2.2.16. Watchdog
      • 3.2.2.16.1. Driver Configuration
        • 3.2.2.16.1.1. How to change timeout as kernel module parameter
        • 3.2.2.16.1.2. How to change timeout using DT property
      • 3.2.2.16.2. Kernel Configuration
      • 3.2.2.16.3. Driver Usage
  • 3.2.3. LTP-DDT Validation
• 3.3. Power Management
  • 3.3.1. Power Management Overview
  • 3.3.2. DFS
  • 3.3.3. CPUIdle
  • 3.3.4. Runtime PM
  • 3.3.5. Low Power Modes
    • 3.3.5.1. Overview
    • 3.3.5.2. Partial I/O
    • 3.3.5.3. I/O Only Plus DDR
    • 3.3.5.4. Deep Sleep
    • 3.3.5.5. MCU Only
    • 3.3.5.6. Limitations
      • 3.3.5.6.1. Compatibility
  • 3.3.6. Wakeup Sources
    • 3.3.6.1. Real-Time Clock (RTC)
    • 3.3.6.2. MCU GPIO
    • 3.3.6.3. WKUP GPIO
    • 3.3.6.4. Main I/O Daisy Chain
      • 3.3.6.4.1. Main UART
      • 3.3.6.4.2. Main GPIO
    • 3.3.6.5. WKUP UART
    • 3.3.6.6. USB Wakeup methods
      • 3.3.6.6.1. Host Mode Wakeup Events
        • 3.3.6.6.1.1. Wakeup via a device connect event
        • 3.3.6.6.1.2. Wakeup via a device disconnect event
        • 3.3.6.6.1.3. Via Remote wakeup event
      • 3.3.6.6.2. Device Mode Wakeup Events
        • 3.3.6.6.2.1. Wakeup via connect event
    • 3.3.6.7. MCU IPC based Wakeup
    • 3.3.6.8. CAN I/O Daisy Chain
    • 3.3.6.9. RTC Ext Pin
    • 3.3.6.10. Confirming the Wakeup event type
  • 3.3.7. S/W Architecture of System Suspend
    • 3.3.7.1. Overview
    • 3.3.7.2. System diagram and components
      • 3.3.7.2.1. Deep Sleep Entry
      • 3.3.7.2.2. Deep Sleep Exit
    • 3.3.7.3. LPM constraints framework
      • 3.3.7.3.1. Types of Constraints
      • 3.3.7.3.2. How to set constraints
        • 3.3.7.3.2.1. Device Constraint
        • 3.3.7.3.2.2. Resume Latency Constraint
      • 3.3.7.3.3. Constraints and mode selection explained
    • 3.3.7.4. Learning Resources
  • 3.3.8. Debug Information
    • 3.3.8.1. Low Power Modes
      • 3.3.8.1.1. Decoding set constraint debug messages
• 3.4. Security
  • 3.4.1. Device Security
    • 3.4.1.1. Security Overview
    • 3.4.1.2. Security Domains
    • 3.4.1.3. Security Features at a Glance
  • 3.4.2. Secure Boot
    • 3.4.2.1. Introduction
    • 3.4.2.2. Secure Boot Flow
    • 3.4.2.3. HS Boot Flow Tools
  • 3.4.3. SELinux - User Guide
    • 3.4.3.1. Introduction
    • 3.4.3.2. Filesystem Setup
      • 3.4.3.2.1. Yocto
      • 3.4.3.2.2. Debian
    • 3.4.3.3. Permissive mode Setup
    • 3.4.3.4. Enforcing mode Setup
    • 3.4.3.5. Integrating into Yocto for production
  • 3.4.4. Authenticated Boot User Guide
    • 3.4.4.1. Introduction
    • 3.4.4.2. Learning
      • 3.4.4.2.1. Root of Trust (RoT)
      • 3.4.4.2.2. Chain of Trust (CoT)
      • 3.4.4.2.3. Device Mapper
        • 3.4.4.2.3.1. dm-verity
        • 3.4.4.2.3.2. dm-crypt
    • 3.4.4.3. Setup
    • 3.4.4.4. Next steps
    • 3.4.4.5. See Also
  • 3.4.5. Memory Firewalls
    • 3.4.5.1. Overview
    • 3.4.5.2. What Happens During a Firewall Violation
    • 3.4.5.3. Triggering a Firewall Exception
    • 3.4.5.4. Enabling TIFS Logs
      • 3.4.5.4.1. Modify U-Boot Configuration
      • 3.4.5.4.2. Build and Deploy U-Boot
    • 3.4.5.5. Accessing TIFS Logs
    • 3.4.5.6. Interpreting TIFS Logs
  • 3.4.6. File System Encryption with fTPM
    • 3.4.6.1. Introduction
    • 3.4.6.2. Key features
    • 3.4.6.3. Concepts
      • 3.4.6.3.1. Root Filesystem Encryption
      • 3.4.6.3.2. Firmware TPM (fTPM)
      • 3.4.6.3.3. eMMC RPMB
    • 3.4.6.4. Implementation Details
      • 3.4.6.4.1. System Architecture
      • 3.4.6.4.2. Boot Process Flow
      • 3.4.6.4.3. Key Management Flow
      • 3.4.6.4.4. Encryption Process
    • 3.4.6.5. Setup
    • 3.4.6.6. dm-crypt performance
    • 3.4.6.7. Security Considerations
      • 3.4.6.7.1. Reference Implementation
      • 3.4.6.7.2. Further Enhancements
  • 3.4.7. Post-quantum cryptography
    • 3.4.7.1. Introduction
    • 3.4.7.2. Verifying post-quantum support
    • 3.4.7.3. Supported algorithms
      • 3.4.7.3.1. Key encapsulation
      • 3.4.7.3.2. Digital signatures
      • 3.4.7.3.3. Hash-based signatures
    • 3.4.7.4. Usage examples
      • 3.4.7.4.1. Generating keys and signing
      • 3.4.7.4.2. Hash-based key signing
      • 3.4.7.4.3. Self-signed certificate
    • 3.4.7.5. Testing the key exchange
      • 3.4.7.5.1. Generating a certificate
      • 3.4.7.5.2. Starting the server
      • 3.4.7.5.3. Connecting the client
      • 3.4.7.5.4. Handshake walkthrough
    • 3.4.7.6. Notes
    • 3.4.7.7. See also
• 3.5. Filesystem
• 3.6. Tools
  • 3.6.1. Development Tools
    • 3.6.1.1. Processor SDK Linux Top-Level Makefile
    • 3.6.1.2. Processor SDK Linux GCC Toolchain
    • 3.6.1.3. Creating SD Cards
    • 3.6.1.4. Processor SDK Linux Setup Script
  • 3.6.2. Pin Mux Tools
  • 3.6.3. Flash via Fastboot
    • 3.6.3.1. Installing Snagfactory
    • 3.6.3.2. Building bootloader binaries for Recovery
    • 3.6.3.3. Connections
      • 3.6.3.3.1. How to use Snagfactory
• 3.7. IPC for AM62Dx
  • 3.7.1. Software Dependencies to Get Started
  • 3.7.2. Typical Boot Flow on AM62Dx for ARM Linux users
  • 3.7.3. Getting Started with IPC Linux Examples
  • 3.7.4. Booting Remote Cores from Linux console/User space
  • 3.7.5. DMA memory Carveouts
  • 3.7.6. Changing the Memory Map
    • 3.7.6.1. RPMsg Char Driver
    • 3.7.6.2. ti-rpmsg-char library
    • 3.7.6.3. RPMsg examples:
• 3.8. Virtualization
  • 3.8.1. Docker Linux Container Runtime
    • 3.8.1.1. Overview
    • 3.8.1.2. Exploring Docker In Processor SDK
      • 3.8.1.2.1. Booting the Docker Filesystem
      • 3.8.1.2.2. Configuring the Docker daemon
      • 3.8.1.2.3. Docker Hello World
    • 3.8.1.3. Docker References
• 3.9. Machine Learning
  • 3.9.1. TensorFlow Lite (LiteRT)
    • 3.9.1.1. Introduction
    • 3.9.1.2. Features
    • 3.9.1.3. Inference backends and delegates
      • 3.9.1.3.1. Built-in kernels / CPU Delegate
      • 3.9.1.3.2. XNNPACK Delegate
    • 3.9.1.4. Benchmark Tool for TFLite Model
      • 3.9.1.4.1. How to run benchmark using CPU delegate
      • 3.9.1.4.2. How to run benchmark using XNNPACK delegate
    • 3.9.1.5. Performance Numbers of Benchmark Tool
    • 3.9.1.6. Example Applications
  • 3.9.2. ONNX Runtime
    • 3.9.2.1. Introduction
    • 3.9.2.2. Supported version
    • 3.9.2.3. ONNX Runtime test applications
      • 3.9.2.3.1. Running benchmark_model
  • 3.9.3. Arm NN
    • 3.9.3.1. Introduction
    • 3.9.3.2. Supported versions
  • 3.9.4. Arm Compute Library
    • 3.9.4.1. Introduction
    • 3.9.4.2. Supported versions
    • 3.9.4.3. Arm Compute Library Testing
  • 3.9.5. NNStreamer
    • 3.9.5.1. Introduction
    • 3.9.5.2. Supported versions
    • 3.9.5.3. Testing NNStreamer
• 3.10. ARM Trusted Firmware-A
• 3.11. OP-TEE
  • 3.11.1. Getting the OP-TEE Source Code
  • 3.11.2. Setup Cross Compile Environment
  • 3.11.3. Building OP-TEE OS
    • 3.11.3.1. Building the OP-TEE image
    • 3.11.3.2. Building the OP-TEE image with debug parameters
    • 3.11.3.3. Building OP-TEE with Pseudo RNG drivers
    • 3.11.3.4. OP-TEE Secure Storage
  • 3.11.4. Getting OP-TEE Client source code
  • 3.11.5. Building u-boot with OP-TEE OS