1    /*
     2     * Copyright (c) 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated
     3     * All rights reserved.
     4     *
     5     * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
     6     * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
     7     * are met:
     8     *
     9     * *  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
    10     *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
    11     *
    12     * *  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
    13     *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
    14     *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
    15     *
    16     * *  Neither the name of Texas Instruments Incorporated nor the names of
    17     *    its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
    18     *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
    19     *
    20     * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
    21     * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
    22     * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
    23     * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
    24     * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
    25     * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
    26     * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
    27     * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
    28     * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
    29     * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
    30     * EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
    31     */
    32    /*
    33     *  ======== Semaphore.xdc ========
    34     *
    35     */
    36    
    37    package ti.sysbios.knl;
    38    
    39    import xdc.rov.ViewInfo;
    40    
    41    import xdc.runtime.Diags;
    42    import xdc.runtime.Log;
    43    import xdc.runtime.Assert;
    44    
    45    import ti.sysbios.knl.Queue;
    46    import ti.sysbios.knl.Task;
    47    import ti.sysbios.knl.Clock;
    48    
    49    /*!
    50     *  ======== Semaphore ========
    51     *  Semaphore Manager
    52     *
    53     *  The Semaphore manager makes available a set of functions that manipulate
    54     *  semaphore objects. Semaphores can be used for task synchronization and
    55     *  mutual exclusion.
    56     *
    57     *  Semaphores can be counting semaphores or binary semaphores. Counting
    58     *  semaphores keep track of the number of times the semaphore has been posted
    59     *  with post(). This is useful, for example, if you have a group of resources
    60     *  that are shared between tasks. Such tasks might call pend() to see if a
    61     *  resource is available before using one.
    62     *
    63     *  Binary semaphores can have only two states: available (count = 1) and
    64     *  unavailable (count = 0). They can be used to share a single resource
    65     *  between
    66     *  tasks. They can also be used for a basic signaling mechanism, where the
    67     *  semaphore can be posted multiple times. Binary semaphores do not keep track
    68     *  of the count; they simply track whether the semaphore has been posted
    69     *  or not.
    70     *
    71     *  The Mailbox module uses a counting semaphore internally to manage the
    72     *  count of free (or full) mailbox elements. Another example of a counting
    73     *  semaphore is an ISR that might fill multiple buffers of data for
    74     *  consumption by a task. After filling each buffer, the ISR puts the buffer on
    75     *  a queue and calls post(). The task waiting for the data calls pend(), which
    76     *  simply decrements the semaphore count and returns or blocks if the count is
    77     *  0. The semaphore count thus tracks the number of full buffers available for
    78     *  the task.
    79     *
    80     *  pend() is used to wait for a semaphore. The timeout parameter allows the
    81     *  task to wait until a timeout, wait indefinitely, or not wait at all. The
    82     *  return value is used to indicate if the semaphore was signaled successfully.
    83     *
    84     *  post() is used to signal a semaphore. If a task is waiting for the
    85     *  semaphore, post() removes the task from the semaphore queue and puts it on
    86     *  the ready queue. If no tasks are waiting, post() simply increments the
    87     *  semaphore count and returns.  For a binary semaphore the count is always
    88     *  set to one.
    89     *
    90     *  @p(html)
    91     *  <h3> Calling Context </h3>
    92     *  <table border="1" cellpadding="3">
    93     *    <colgroup span="1"></colgroup> <colgroup span="5" align="center">
    94     *    </colgroup>
    95     *
    96     *    <tr><th> Function               </th><th>  Hwi   </th><th>  Swi   </th>
    97     *    <th>  Task  </th><th>  Main  </th><th>  Startup  </th></tr>
    98     *    <!--                                                                  -->
    99     *    <tr><td> {@link #Params_init}   </td><td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td>
   100     *    <td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td></tr>
   101     *    <tr><td> {@link #construct}     </td><td>   N    </td><td>   N    </td>
   102     *    <td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td><td>   N    </td></tr>
   103     *    <tr><td> {@link #create}        </td><td>   N    </td><td>   N    </td>
   104     *    <td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td><td>   N    </td></tr>
   105     *    <tr><td> {@link #delete}        </td><td>   N    </td><td>   N    </td>
   106     *    <td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td><td>   N    </td></tr>
   107     *    <tr><td> {@link #destruct}      </td><td>   N    </td><td>   N    </td>
   108     *    <td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td><td>   N    </td></tr>
   109     *    <tr><td> {@link #getCount}      </td><td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td>
   110     *    <td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td></tr>
   111     *    <tr><td> {@link #pend}          </td><td>   N*   </td><td>   N*   </td>
   112     *    <td>   Y    </td><td>   N*   </td><td>   N    </td></tr>
   113     *    <tr><td> {@link #post}          </td><td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td>
   114     *    <td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td><td>   N    </td></tr>
   115     *    <tr><td> {@link #registerEvent} </td><td>   N    </td><td>   N    </td>
   116     *    <td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td></tr>
   117     *    <tr><td> {@link #reset}         </td><td>   N    </td><td>   N    </td>
   118     *    <td>   Y    </td><td>   Y    </td><td>   N    </td></tr>
   119     *    <tr><td colspan="6"> Definitions: (N* means OK to call iff the timeout
   120     *           parameter is set to '0'.)<br />
   121     *       <ul>
   122     *         <li> <b>Hwi</b>: API is callable from a Hwi thread. </li>
   123     *         <li> <b>Swi</b>: API is callable from a Swi thread. </li>
   124     *         <li> <b>Task</b>: API is callable from a Task thread. </li>
   125     *         <li> <b>Main</b>: API is callable during any of these phases: </li>
   126     *           <ul>
   127     *             <li> In your module startup after this module is started
   128     *    (e.g. Semaphore_Module_startupDone() returns TRUE). </li>
   129     *             <li> During xdc.runtime.Startup.lastFxns. </li>
   130     *             <li> During main().</li>
   131     *             <li> During BIOS.startupFxns.</li>
   132     *           </ul>
   133     *         <li> <b>Startup</b>: API is callable during any of these phases:</li>
   134     *           <ul>
   135     *             <li> During xdc.runtime.Startup.firstFxns.</li>
   136     *             <li> In your module startup before this module is started
   137     *    (e.g. Semaphore_Module_startupDone() returns FALSE).</li>
   138     *           </ul>
   139     *       </ul>
   140     *    </td></tr>
   141     *
   142     *  </table>
   143     *  @p
   144     */
   145    
   146    @InstanceFinalize       /* to destruct queue */
   147    
   148    module Semaphore
   149    {
   150        /*!
   151         *  Semaphore types.
   152         *
   153         *  These enumerations specify the type of semaphore.
   154         *
   155         *  Tasks wait for the semaphore in FIFO order unless the PRIORITY
   156         *  option is chosen.
   157         *
   158         *  For PRIORITY semaphores, the pending task will be
   159         *  inserted in the waiting list before the first task that has
   160         *  lower priority.  This ensures that tasks of equal priority will
   161         *  pend in FIFO order.
   162         *
   163         *  @a(WARNING)
   164         *  PRIORITY semaphores have a potential to increase the interrupt
   165         *  latency in the system since interrupts are disabled while the list of
   166         *  tasks waiting on the  semaphore is scanned for the proper insertion
   167         *  point.  This is typically about a dozen instructions per waiting task.
   168         *  For example, if you have 10 tasks of higher priority waiting, then all
   169         *  10 will be checked with interrupts disabled before the new task is
   170         *  entered onto the list.
   171         */
   172        enum Mode {
   173            Mode_COUNTING = 0x0,           /*! Counting (FIFO) */
   174            Mode_BINARY = 0x1,             /*! Binary (FIFO) */
   175            Mode_COUNTING_PRIORITY = 0x2,  /*! Counting (priority-based) */
   176            Mode_BINARY_PRIORITY = 0x3     /*! Binary (priority-based) */
   177        };
   178    
   179        /*!
   180         *  ======== BasicView ========
   181         *  @_nodoc
   182         */
   183        metaonly struct BasicView {
   184            String          label;
   185            String          event;
   186            String          eventId;
   187            String          mode;
   188            Int             count;
   189            String          pendedTasks[];
   190        };
   191    
   192        /*!
   193         *  ======== rovViewInfo ========
   194         *  @_nodoc
   195         */
   196        @Facet
   197        metaonly config ViewInfo.Instance rovViewInfo =
   198            ViewInfo.create({
   199                viewMap: [
   200                    ['Basic', {type: ViewInfo.INSTANCE, viewInitFxn: 'viewInitBasic', structName: 'BasicView'}]
   201                ]
   202            });
   203    
   204        // -------- Module Parameters --------
   205    
   206        /*!
   207         *  ======== LM_post ========
   208         *  Logged on calls to Semaphore_post()
   209         */
   210        config Log.Event LM_post = {
   211            mask: Diags.USER1 | Diags.USER2,
   212            msg: "LM_post: sem: 0x%x, count: %d"
   213        };
   214    
   215        /*!
   216         *  ======== LM_pend ========
   217         *  Logged on calls to Semaphore_pend()
   218         */
   219        config Log.Event LM_pend = {
   220            mask: Diags.USER1 | Diags.USER2,
   221            msg: "LM_pend: sem: 0x%x, count: %d, timeout: %d"
   222        };
   223    
   224        /*!
   225         *  ======== A_noEvents ========
   226         *  Assert raised if application uses Event but it's not supported
   227         *
   228         *  This assertion is triggered by {@link #create} if
   229         *  {@link #supportsEvents} is false and an {@link ti.sysbios.knl.Event}
   230         *  object is passed to {@link #create}.
   231         */
   232        config Assert.Id A_noEvents = {
   233            msg: "A_noEvents: The Event.supportsEvents flag is disabled."
   234        };
   235    
   236        /*!
   237         *  ======== A_invTimeout ========
   238         *  @_nodoc
   239         *  This assertion is no longer used
   240         */
   241        config Assert.Id A_invTimeout = {
   242            msg: "A_invTimeout: Can't use BIOS_EVENT_ACQUIRED with this Semaphore."
   243        };
   244    
   245        /*!
   246         *  ======== A_badContext ========
   247         *  Assert raised if an operation is invalid in the current calling context
   248         *
   249         *  Asserted when {@link #pend} is called with non-zero timeout from
   250         *  other than a Task context.
   251         */
   252        config Assert.Id A_badContext = {
   253            msg: "A_badContext: bad calling context. Must be called from a Task."
   254        };
   255    
   256        /*!
   257         *  ======== A_overflow ========
   258         *  Assert raised if the semaphore count is incremented past 65535
   259         *
   260         *  Asserted when Semaphore_post() has been called when the 16 bit
   261         *  semaphore count is at its maxmium value of 65535.
   262         */
   263        config Assert.Id A_overflow = {
   264            msg: "A_overflow: Count has exceeded 65535 and rolled over."
   265        };
   266    
   267        /*!
   268         *  ======== A_pendTaskDisabled ========
   269         *  Asserted in Sempahore_pend()
   270         *
   271         *  Assert raised if Semaphore_pend() is called with the Task or
   272         *  Swi scheduler disabled.
   273         */
   274        config Assert.Id A_pendTaskDisabled = {
   275            msg: "A_pendTaskDisabled: Cannot call Semaphore_pend() while the Task or Swi scheduler is disabled."
   276        };
   277    
   278        /*!
   279         *  ======== supportsEvents ========
   280         *  Support Semaphores with Events?
   281         *
   282         *  The default for this parameter is false.
   283         */
   284        config Bool supportsEvents = false;
   285    
   286    instance:
   287    
   288        /*!
   289         *  ======== create ========
   290         *  Create a Semaphore object
   291         *
   292         *  This function creates a new Semaphore object which is initialized to
   293         *  count.
   294         *
   295         *  @param(count)   initial semaphore count
   296         */
   297        @DirectCall
   298        create(Int count);
   299    
   300        /*!
   301         *  ======== event ========
   302         *  Event instance to use if non-NULL
   303         *
   304         *  The default value of this parameter is null.  If event is non-null:
   305         *  @p(blist)
   306         *      - Event_post(sem->event, sem->eventId) will be invoked when
   307         *        Semaphore_post() is called.
   308         *
   309         *      - Event_pend(sem->event, 0, sem->eventId, timeout) will be
   310         *        invoked when Semaphore_pend() is called.
   311         *  @p
   312         */
   313        config Event.Handle event = null;
   314    
   315        /*!
   316         *  ======== eventId ========
   317         *  eventId if using Events
   318         *
   319         *  The default for this parameters is 1.
   320         */
   321        config UInt eventId = 1;
   322    
   323        /*!
   324         *  ======== mode ========
   325         *  Semaphore mode
   326         *
   327         *  When mode is BINARY, the semaphore has only two states, available
   328         *  and unavailable. When mode is COUNTING, the semaphore keeps track of
   329         *  number of times a semaphore is posted.
   330         *
   331         *  The default for this parameter is COUNTING.
   332         */
   333        config Mode mode = Mode_COUNTING;
   334    
   335        /*!
   336         *  ======== getCount ========
   337         *  Get current semaphore count
   338         *
   339         *  This function returns the current value of the semaphore specified by
   340         *  the handle.
   341         *
   342         *  @b(returns)             current semaphore count
   343         */
   344        @DirectCall
   345        Int getCount();
   346    
   347        /*!
   348         *  ======== pend ========
   349         *  Wait for a semaphore
   350         *
   351         *  If the semaphore count is greater than zero (available), this function
   352         *  decrements the count and returns TRUE. If the semaphore count is zero
   353         *  (unavailable), this function suspends execution of the current task
   354         *  until post() is called or the timeout expires.
   355         *
   356         *  A timeout value of
   357         *  {@link ti.sysbios.BIOS#WAIT_FOREVER BIOS_WAIT_FOREVER} causes
   358         *  the task to wait indefinitely for its semaphore to be posted.
   359         *
   360         *  A timeout value of {@link ti.sysbios.BIOS#NO_WAIT BIOS_NO_WAIT}
   361         *  causes Semaphore_pend to return immediately.
   362         *
   363         *  @param(timeout)     return after this many system time units
   364         *
   365         *  @b(returns)         TRUE if successful, FALSE if timeout
   366         */
   367        @DirectCall
   368        Bool pend(UInt timeout);
   369    
   370        /*!
   371         *  ======== post ========
   372         *  Signal a semaphore.
   373         *
   374         *  Readies the first task waiting for the semaphore. If no task is
   375         *  waiting, this function simply increments the semaphore count and
   376         *  returns.  In the case of a binary semaphore, the count has a
   377         *  maximum value of one.
   378         */
   379        @DirectCall
   380        Void post();
   381    
   382        /*!
   383         *  ======== registerEvent ========
   384         *  Register an Event Object with a semaphore
   385         *
   386         *  Ordinarily, an Event object and eventId are configured at
   387         *  Semaphore create time.
   388         *
   389         *  This API is provided so that Semaphore-using middleware
   390         *  can support implicit Event posting without having to be
   391         *  retrofitted.
   392         *
   393         *  After the Event object and eventId are registered with the
   394         *  Semaphore:
   395    
   396         *  Event_post(event, eventId) will be invoked when
   397         *  Semaphore_post(sem) is called.
   398         *
   399         *  Event_pend(event, eventId, 0, timeout) will be invoked when
   400         *  Semaphore_pend(sem, timeout) is called.
   401         *
   402         *  @param(event)                     Ptr to Event Object
   403         *  @param(eventId)                   Event ID
   404         *
   405         */
   406        @DirectCall
   407        Void registerEvent(Event.Handle event, UInt eventId);
   408    
   409        /*!
   410         *  ======== reset ========
   411         *  Reset semaphore count
   412         *
   413         *  Resets the semaphore count to count.
   414         *  No task switch occurs when calling SEM_reset.
   415         *
   416         *  @a(constraints)
   417         *  count must be greater than or equal to 0.
   418         *
   419         *  No tasks should be waiting on the semaphore when
   420         *  Semaphore_reset is called.
   421         *
   422         *  Semaphore_reset cannot be called by a Hwi or a Swi.
   423         *
   424         *  @param(count)                   semaphore count
   425         *
   426         */
   427        @DirectCall
   428        Void reset(Int count);
   429    
   430    internal:
   431    
   432        /*
   433         * Event module function pointers. Used to decouple
   434         * Semaphore from Event when supportsEvents is false
   435         */
   436        config Void (*eventPost)(Event.Handle, UInt);
   437    
   438        config Void (*eventSync)(Event.Handle, UInt, UInt);
   439    
   440        /*!
   441         *  ======== pendTimeout ========
   442         *  This function is the clock event handler for pend
   443         */
   444        Void pendTimeout(UArg arg);
   445    
   446        /* pendQ Element PendStates */
   447        enum PendState {
   448            PendState_TIMEOUT = 0,          /* Clock timeout */
   449            PendState_POSTED = 1,           /* posted by post */
   450            PendState_CLOCK_WAIT = 2,       /* in Clock queue */
   451            PendState_WAIT_FOREVER = 3      /* not in Clock queue */
   452        };
   453    
   454        /* Semaphore pendQ Element */
   455        struct PendElem {
   456            Task.PendElem           tpElem;
   457            PendState               pendState;
   458        };
   459    
   460        struct Instance_State {
   461            Event.Handle            event;
   462            UInt                    eventId;
   463            Mode                    mode;   /* binary or counting */
   464            volatile UInt16         count;  /* curr semaphore count */
   465            Queue.Object            pendQ;  /* queue of PendElems */
   466        };
   467    }